Honor and Humiliation: James Chesnut and Violent Emotions in Reconstruction South Carolina

Authors

  • Anna Koivusalo University of Helsinki

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22439/asca.v50i1.5692

Keywords:

Southern honor, history of emotions, James Chesnut Jr., U.S. Reconstruction, white supremacy

Abstract

Reconstruction has been seen as the period of redeeming lost southern honor. I argue, however, that the Reconstruction struggle was not simply about restoring pre-war honor to defeated Southerners, for the Civil War had not terminated or subdued honor. Rather, its contents, the idea of what was honorable, underwent changes. These changes were observed and lamented by James Chesnut, Jr. (1815–1885), a politician from South Carolina. Honor can be seen both as a source of emotion guidelines and as a tool used for navigating between acceptable and unacceptable emotions. By expressing acceptable emotions, an individual could claim ownership to honor and attempt to achieve life goals. During Reconstruction, the role of honor and the importance of honor-related emotional expression intensified. Because of major changes in society, individual goals changed and the necessity of forceful alteration to the understanding of honor arose. It became transformed, borrowing from violence, racism, and a more acute fear of shame. Aiming to preserve white supremacy, many white Southerners readjusted their honor ideals and emotional expression. Nonetheless, some moderate individuals, like Chesnut, found it difficult to adopt these new ideals and thus all but lost their political power.

Author Biography

Anna Koivusalo, University of Helsinki

Anna Koivusalo is a postdoctoral researcher in history at the University of Helsinki and a former Fulbright Visiting Scholar at the University of South Carolina. In 2017, she earned her PhD from the University of Helsinki for her research on honor and honorable emotional expressions in the nineteenth-century American South. She is one of the contributors for The Field of Honor: Essays on Southern Character and American Identity (ed. John Mayfield and Todd Hagstette, 2017). Her next project will explore how historical change reshaped emotional expression in the South during Reconstruction. She can be reached at anna.koivusalo@helsinki.fi

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Published

2018-01-30

How to Cite

Koivusalo, A. (2018). Honor and Humiliation: James Chesnut and Violent Emotions in Reconstruction South Carolina. American Studies in Scandinavia, 50(1), 27–49. https://doi.org/10.22439/asca.v50i1.5692

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Section

Articles