Translokalt engagement i landdistrikterne: Den mobile elites nye legeplads?

Forfattere

  • Karin Topsø Larsen
  • Rikke Brandt Broegaard
  • Lene Havtorn Larsen

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v30i4.6232

Nøgleord:

Stedsudvikling, translokalitet, landdistrikter, rural gentrificering, engagement fællesskaber

Resumé

Denne artikel tager udgangspunkt i tidens stigende translokale tendenser, der
er karakteriseret ved øget mobilitet og multiple stedsidentiteter. Udviklingen
opbløder dikotomien mellem beboere og besøgende i de danske landdistrikter.
Artiklen fokuserer på de deltidsbeboere, der engagerer sig aktivt i lokale
udviklingsprojekter f.eks. som investorer i lokale forretninger, projektledere
for kulturarvs- og kulturinstitutionsprojekter, eventmagere eller aktiehavere i
lokale bæredygtighedsprojekter. Der ses en flertydig påvirkning af stedernes
sociologi, ligesom stedskvaliteter, der i udgangspunktet er med til at motivere
og tiltrække midlertidige aktører, påvirkes. Teoretisk bygges på en forståelse
af stedsudviklingsprocesser som multiskalære, flerdimensionelle og dybt betinget
af forskellige sociale aktørers differentierede kapacitet til mobilitet og
stedsengagement. Empirisk er artiklen baseret på kvalitativ forskning foretaget
i 2018 på fire attraktive nordiske øer. Undersøgelsens resultater peger
på, at deltidsbeboerne indgår i en række translokale engagementsfælleskaber
sammen med lokale kræfter, og at de motiveres af oplevede stedskvaliteter
knyttet til forestillingen om det rurale såvel som af de fællesskaber, de indgår
i – eventuelt med andre ressourcestærke deltidsaktører som hovedattraktionen.
De translokale fællesskaber udgør et betydeligt stedsudviklingspotentiale,
men rummer samtidig et potentiale for social eksklusion, fordi de ressourcestærke
sted-skabere, der rummer både fuldtids- og deltidsbeboere, kan
risikere at understøtte økonomiske gentrificeringsprocesser såvel som fremme
social displacement.

Referencer

Adamiak, C., Pitkaänen, K., & Lehtonen, O. (2017). Seasonal residence and counterurbanization: the role of second homes in population redistribution in Finland. GeoJournal, 82, 1035-1050. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-016-9727-x

Adey, P. (2006). If mobility is everything then it is nothing: Towards a relational politics of (im)mobilities. Mobilities, 1(1), 75-94. https://doi.org/10.1080/17450100500489080

Aitken, R., & Campelo, A. (2011). The four Rs of place branding. Journal of Marketing Management, 27(9-10), 913-933. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2011.560718

Back, A., & Marjavaara, R. (2017). Mapping an invisible population: the uneven geography of second-home tourism. Tourism Geographies, 19(4), 595-611. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2017.1331260

Boltanski, L., & Chiapello, E. (2007). The New Spirit of Capitalism (Paperback). London ; New York: Verso.

Boltanski, L, & Esquerre, A. (2017). Enrichment, profit, critique. A Rejoiner to Nancy Fraser. New Left Review 106, 67-76.

Braun, E., Kavaratzis, M., & Zenker, S. (2013). My city – My brand: The different roles of residents in place branding. Journal of Place Management and Development, 6(1), 18-28. https://doi.org/10.1108/17538331311306087

Brickell, K., & Datta, A. (2011). Translocal Geographies. Spaces, places, connections. Ashgate.

Broegaard, R., Topsø Larsen, K., & Havtorn Larsen, L. (2019). Translocal communities and their implications for place branding. In C. Cassinger, A. Lucarelli, & S. Gyimóthy (Eds), The Nordic Wave of Place Branding. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788974325.00019

Copus, A.K. (2001). From Core-periphery to Polycentric Development: Concepts of Spatial and Aspatial Peripherality. European Planning Studies, 9(4), 539-552. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654310120049899

Farrugia, D. (2016). The mobility imperative for rural youth: the structural, symbolic and non-representational dimensions rural youth mobilities. Journal of Youth Studies, 19(6), 836-851. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2015.1112886

Fisker, J.K. (2016). Interessebaserede fællesskaber som grundlag for fritidsklynger. Esbjerg: Center for Landdistriktsforskning, Syddansk Universitet.

Florida, R. (2002). The rise of the creative class. New York, NY: Basic Books.

Florida, R. (2014). The Creative Class and Economic Development. Economic Development Quarterly 28 (3), 196-205. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891242414541693

Frisvoll, S. (2012). Power in the production of spaces transformed by rural tourism. Journal of Rural Studies, 28(4), 447-457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2012.06.001

Gallent, N. (2014). The Social Value of Second Homes in Rural Communities. Housing, Theory and Society, 31(2), 174-191. https://doi.org/10.1080/14036096.2013.830986

Gielis, R. (2009). A global sense of migrant places: Towards a place perspective in the study of migrant transnationalism. Global Networks, 9(2), 271-287. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0374.2009.00254.x

Giovanardi, M., Lucarelli, A., & Decosta, P.L.E. (2014). Co-performing tourism places: The »Pink Night« festival. Annals of Tourism Research, 44(1), 102-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2013.09.004

Greiner, C., & Sakdapolrak, P. (2013). Translocality: Concepts, Applications and Emerging Research Perspectives. Geography Compass, 7(5), 373-384. https://doi.org/10.1111/gec3.12048

Grunfelder, J., Rispling, L., & Norlén, G. (2018). State of the Nordic Region 2018. Copenhagen: Nordregio.

Halfacree, K. (2012). Heterolocal Identities? Counter-Urbanisation, Second Homes, and Rural Consumption in the Era of Mobilities. Population, Space and Place, 18(2), 209-224. https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.665

Hall, M.C., & Adi, B.A. (2019). Resilience and voluntary temporary populations: Reframing our understanding of people in place in resilience thinking. Unpublished paper. Presented at NGM Meeting, June 2019. Trondheim, Norway.

Harvey, D. (2005). The sociological and geographical imaginations. International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society, 18(3-4), 211-255. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10767-006-9009-6

Huijbens, E.H. (2012). Sustaining a Village’s Social Fabric? Sociologia Ruralis, 52(3), 332-352. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.2012.00565.x

Jensen, S.Q. (2017). De stedfastes revolution? Refleksioner over nogle aktuelle sociale og politiske tendenser, og relaterede problemer i sociologien. Dansk Sociologi. 28 (2), 85-92. https://doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v28i2.5615

Johansen, P.H., Hoff, H., & Jørgensen, A.G. (2015). Land og By og Mad. En undersøgelse af potentialer for landdistriktsudvikling ved nye madbårne land-by relationer. Esbjerg: Center for Landdistriktsforskning, Syddansk Universitet.

Kavaratzis, M., & Kalandides, A. (2015). Rethinking the place brand: the interactive formation of place brands and the role of participatory place branding. Environment and Planning A, 47(6), 1368-1382. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X15594918

Kühn, M. (2015). Peripheralization: Theoretical Concepts Explaining Socio-Spatial Inequalities. European Planning Studies, 23(2), 367-378. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2013.862518

Kühn, M., & Weck, S. (2012). Peripherisierung – Prozesse, Probleme und Strategien in Mittelstädten. DisP – The Planning Review, 48(2), 14-26. https://doi.org/10.1080/02513625.2012.721600

Marcuse, P. (1985). Gentrification, Abandonment, and Displacement: Connections, Causes, and Policy responses in New York City. Washington University Journal of Urban and Contemporary Law, 28(January), 195-240.

Massey, D. (2005). The event of place. In D. Massey (Ed.), For space (2005th ed., pp. 138-142). London: Sage.

Massey, D. (2012). Power-geometry and a progressive sense of place. In J. Bird, B. Curtis, T. Putnam, & L. Tickner (Eds), Mapping the Futures Local Cultures, Global Change (2012th ed., p. 11). London: Routledge.

Milbourne, P. (2007). Re-populating rural studies: Migrations, movements and mobilities. Journal of Rural Studies, 23(3), 381-386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2007.04.002

Milbourne, P., & Kitchen, L. (2014). Rural mobilities: Connecting movement and fixity in rural places. Journal of Rural Studies, 34, 326-336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2014.01.004

Müller, D.K. (2011). Second homes in rural areas: Reflections on a troubled history. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift – Norwegian Journal of Geography, 65(3), 137-143. https://doi.org/10.1080/00291951.2011.597872

Müller, D.K., & Hall, C.M. (2003). Second Homes and Regional Population Distribution: On Administrative Practices and Failures in Sweden. Espace, Populations, Sociétés, 2, 251-261. https://doi.org/10.3406/espos.2003.2079

Prieur, A., & Rosenlund, L. (2010): Kulturelle skel i Danmark. Dansk Sociologi, 21(2), 47-77. https://doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v21i2.3281

Putnam, R.D. (1995). Bowling Alone: America’s Declining Social Capital. Journal of Democracy, 65-78. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.1995.0002

Robertsson, L., & Marjavaara, R. (2015). The Seasonal Buzz: Knowledge Transfer in a Temporary Setting. Tourism Planning and Development, 12(3), 251-265. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2014.947437

Rockenbauch, T., & Sakdapolrak, P. (2017). Social networks and the resilience of rural communities in the Global South : Ecology and Society, 22(1), art10. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-09009-220110

Rye, J.F. (2011). Conflicts and contestations. Rural populations’ perspectives on the second homes phenomenon. Journal of Rural Studies, 27(3), 263-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2011.03.005

Rye, J.F., & Berg, N.G. (2011). The second home phenomenon and Norwegian rurality. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift, 65(3), 126-136. https://doi.org/10.1080/00291951.2011.597873

Schucksmith, M., & Brown, D.L. (2016). Framing Rural Studies in the Global North. In M. Schucksmith & D.L. Brown (Eds), Routledge International Handbook of Rural Studies (2016th ed., pp. 1-26). Oxon: Routledge.

Scott, A.J. (2014). Beyond the Creative City : Cognitive – Cultural Capitalism and the New Urbanism. Regional Studies, 48(4), 565-578. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2014.891010

Sikor, T., Auld, G., Bebbington, A.J., Benjaminsen, T.A., Gentry, B.S., Hunsberger, C., …Upton, C. (2013). Global land governance: From territory to flow? Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 5(5), 522-527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2013.06.006

Slätmo, E., Vestergård, L.O., Lidmo, J., & Turunen, E. (2019). Urban – rural flows from seasonal tourism and second homes. Planning challenges and strategies in the Nordics (Nordregio report 2019:13). Stockholm, Sweden. https://doi.org/10.6027/R2019:13.1403-2503

Smith, N. (1992). Contours of a spatialized politics: Homeless vehicles and the production of geographical scale. Social Text, 33, 55-81. https://doi.org/10.2307/466434

Svendsen, G.L.H., & Svendsen, G.T. (2016). Homo Voluntarius and the Rural Idyll: Voluntary Work, Trust and Solidarity in Rural and Urban areas. Journal of Rural and Community Development, 11(1), 56-72.

Tanvig, H. (2012). Projekter og lokal udvikling i yderområder? En analyse af ti projekter med succes. København: Ministeriet for By, Bolig og Landdistrikter.

Topsø Larsen, K., Broegaard, R.B., & Havtorn Larsen, L. (2018). Nye stemmer i landdistrikterne. Lokal udvikling gennem translokale fællesskaber. Nexoe, Denmark: Center for Regional og Turismeforskning.

Downloads

Publiceret

2020-04-16