Extreme Users
How Avatars of the Future Can Shape Innovation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22439/jba.v9i2.6132Abstract
Qualitative segmentation is a blend of art and science. There are a variety of sampling methods researchers use to guarantee a pool of participants that is representative of their target market. But for innovation research, we suggest ignoring those squarely in the middle of your target market. Instead, look to extreme users who are indicative of the future. As William Gibson famously put it: “The future is already here—it’s just not very evenly distributed.” We believe that extreme users live where the future has already arrived. In addition, these users are more articulate about their problems or needs, and more likely to employ innovative workarounds and hacks. Extreme behaviors are powerful examples of human agency and the ability to challenge and transform dominant social structures. We will explore this framework with three case-study examples: Looking to transmen and transwomen for feminine care innovation, Hikikomori for future social spaces, and the Amish for clothing sustainability.
References
“Amish People & Amish Culture.” LancasterPA.com. https://lancasterpa.com/amish/amish-people/
Bliss, Cass. “Here’s What It’s Like To Get Your Period When You’re Not A Woman,” Huffpost, August 20, 2018. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/nonbinary-period-menstruation_n_5b75ac1fe4b0182d49b1c2ed
Bliss, Cass. “What Trans & Non-Binary Menstruators Should Know About Periods.” Seventeen, March 1, 2019. https://www.seventeen.com/health/a20963434/trans-and-non-binary-periods/
Elan, Maika. “Pictures Reveal the Isolated Lives of Japan's Social Recluses.” Pictures of Life in Isolation: Japan's Hikikomori, August 2, 2018. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/photography/proof/2018/february/japan-hikikomori-isolation-society/
Elan, Maika. “Pictures Reveal the Isolated Lives of Japan's Social Recluses.” Pictures of Life in Isolation: Japan's Hikikomori, August 2, 2018. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/photography/proof/2018/february/japan-hikikomori-isolation-society/
Ernst, Holly. (2019). “Skipping your period using birth control: Safety and how to do it.” Medical News Today. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322753.php
“Everything You Want to Know About: Amish Clothing.” Timber to Table, February 13, 2019. https://www.dutchcrafters.com/blog/everything-you-want-to-know-about-amish-clothing/
“Fact Sheet: California's Gender Recognition Act (SB 179).” Transgender Law Center. https://transgenderlawcenter.org/resources/id/ca-sb179
Friedman, Vanessa. “The Biggest Fake News in Fashion.” The New York Times, December 18, 2018. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/18/fashion/fashion-second-biggest-polluter-fake-news.html
Gent, Edd. “Future - The Plight of Japan's Modern Hermits.” BBC, January 29, 2019. http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20190129-the-plight-of-japans-modern-hermits
Jones, Kenny. “Getting My Period Made Me Feel Like Less of a Man-Even Though I Knew I Was.” SELF, May 24, 2018. https://www.self.com/story/male-period-trans-model-kenny-jones.
Marshall, MN. “The key informant techniques.” Family Practice 1996; 13: 92-97.
Shakaiteki,Saito T. hikikomori: owaranai shishunki (Social Withdrawal: A Neverending Adolescence) PHP Shinsho; Tokyo: 1998.
Staff, NPR/TED. “Is There A Limit To How Many Friends We Can Have?” NPR. NPR, January 13, 2017. https://www.npr.org/2017/01/13/509358157/is-there-a-limit-to-how-many-friends-we-can-have
Teo, Alan R. “A New Form of Social Withdrawal in Japan: A Review of Hikikomori.” The International Journal of Social Psychiatry. U.S. National Library of Medicine, March 2010. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4886853/.
“The Amish Dress Code.” Amish America, The Amish Dress Code Comments. http://amishamerica.com/amish-dress-code/
Tremblay, Marc-Adélard. “The Key Informant Technique: A Nonethnographic Application.” American Anthropologist, vol. 59, no 4, August 1957, pp. 688-701.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).