Styring i spændingsfeltet mellem vilde problemer og stramme budgetter
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22439/sis.v34i3.5812Resumé
Dynamikkerne, kompleksiteten og de vilde problemer på socialområdet har ofte indebåret, at socialt arbejde har været opfattet som svært styrbart ud fra et økonomisk perspektiv. I denne artikel analyseres det, hvordan en kommune efter finanskrisen reorganiserede økonomistyringen for at sikre en mere stram budgetstyring samtidig med at de decentrale frihedsgrader blev bevaret. Vi anvender Levers of Control-begrebsapparatet til at vise, hvordan traditionelle budget- og planlægningsprocesser og -systemer anvendes fleksibelt og dynamisk som såkaldte interaktive styringssystemer. Analysen indikerer, at interaktiv brug af budgetstyring kan fremme fleksibilitet i den offentlige sektor og skabe rum for innovation og læring, således at den faglige dømmekraft styrkes, samtidig med at den økonomiske forudsigelighed og budgetoverholdelsen forbedres.
Referencer
Abernethy, M. A. & Brownell, P. (1999), “The role of budgets in organizations facing strategic change: an exploratory study”, Accounting, Organizations and Society, Vol. 24 No. 3, pp. 189-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0361-3682(98)00059-2
Aguinis, H., & Pierce, C. A. (2008), “Enhancing the relevance of organizational behaviour by embracing performance management research”, Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 29 No. 1, pp. 139–145. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.493
Ahrens, T. & Ferry, L. (2015), “New Castle City Council and the grassroots: accountability and budgeting under austerity”, Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, Vol. 28 No. 6, pp. 909-933. https://doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-03-2014-1658
Alford, J. & B. W. Head (2017), “Wicked and less wicked problems: a typology and a contingency framework”, Policy and Society, Vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 397-413. https://doi.org/10.1080/14494035.2017.1361634
Amirkhanyan, A. A., Kim, H. J., & Lambright, K. T. (2014), “The performance puzzle: Understanding the factors influencing alternative dimensions and views of performance”, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, Vol. 24 No. 1, pp. 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mut021
Amslem, T. & Gendron, Y. (2019), “From emotionality to the cultivation of employability: An ethnography of change in social work expertise following the spread of quantification in a social enterprise”, Management Accounting Research, Vol. 43, pp. 39-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2018.06.001
Andersen L.B. & L.H. Pedersen (2014), Styring og motivation i den offentlige sektor, København: Jurist- og Økonomforbundets Forlag.
Balogun, J. & Johnson, G. 2004. “Organizational restructuring and middle manager sensemaking”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 47 No. 4, pp. 523-549. https://doi.org/10.2307/20159600
Batac, J. & Carassus, D. (2009), “Interactions between control and organizational learning in the case of a municipality. A comparative study with Kloot (1997)”, Management Accounting Research, Vol. 20, pp. 102-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2008.11.001
Bedford, D.S. (2015), “Management control systems across different modes of innovation: Implications for firm performance”, Management Accounting Research. Vol. 28, pp. 12-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2015.04.003
Bedford, D.S., Malmi, T. & Sandelin, M. (2016), “Management control effectiveness and strategy: An empirical analysis of packages and systems”, Accounting, Organizations and Society, Vol. 51, pp. 12-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2016.04.002
Berry, A. J., Coad, A. F., Harris, E. P., Otley, D. T., & Stringer, C. (2009), “Emerging themes in management control: A review of recent literature”, The British Accounting Review, Vol. 41 No. 1, pp. 2–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2008.09.001
Bisbe, J. & Otley, D. (2004), “The effects of the interactive use of management control systems on product innovation”, Accounting, Organizations and Society, Vol. 29 No. 8, pp. 709-737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2003.10.010
Blackman, E., Elliot, T., Greene, A., Harrington, B. Hunter, D. J. Marks, L., Mckee, L. & Williams, G. (2006), “Performance Assessment and Wicked Problems: The case of Health Inequalities”, Public Policy and Administration, Vol. 21 No. 2, pp. 66-80. https://doi.org/10.1177/095207670602100206
Blom-Hansen, J., Ibsen, M., Juul, T. & Mouritzen, P.E. (2012), Fra sogn til velfærdsproducent: Kommunestyret gennem fire årtier, Odense: Syddansk Universitetsforlag.
Bracci, E, Humphrey, C., Moll, J. & Steccolini, I. (2015), “Public sector accounting, accountability and austerity: more than balancing the books?”, Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, Vol. 28 No. 6, pp. 878-908. https://doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-06-2015-2090
Bracci, E. & Llewellyn, S. (2012), “Accounting and accountability in an Italian social care provider: Contrasting people-changing with people-processing approaches”, Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, Vol. 25 No. 5, pp. 806-834. https://doi.org/10.1108/09513571211234268
Broadbent J. & Laughlin, R. (2009), “Performance management systems: A conceptual model”, Management Accounting Research, Vol. 20, pp. 283-295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2009.07.004
Bruijn, H. de. (2007). Managing Performance in the Public Sector. Oxon: Routledge.
Bukh, P. N. & A. K. Svanholt (2019a), Managing and controlling wicked problems: Evidence from a Danish Municipality. Working Paper, Institut for Økonomi og ledelse, Aalborg Universitet.
Bukh, P. N. & A. K. Svanholt (2019b), Empowering middle managers in social services using management control systems, Working Paper, Institut for Økonomi og ledelse, Aalborg Universitet.
Chenhall, R. H. (2007), “Theorising Contingencies in Management Control Systems Research”, in C.S. Chapman, A. G. Hopwood and M.D. Shields (Eds.), Handbook of Management Accounting Research, Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Chow, D.S.L., Greatbatch, D. & Bracci, E. (2019), “Financial responsibilisation and the role of accounting in social work: challenges and possibilities”, British Journal of Social Work (under udgivelse). https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcz062
Cuganesen, S. & Donovan, J. (2011), “Investigating the links between management control approaches and performance measurement systems”, Advances in management accounting, Vol. 19, pp. 173-204. https://doi.org/10.1108/s1474-7871(2011)0000019014
Cuganesan, S., Guthrie, J. & Vranic, V. (2014), “The riskiness of public sector performance measurement: a review and research agenda”, Financial accountability and management, Vol. 30 No. 3, 279-302. https://doi.org/10.1111/faam.12037
Dalsgaard, V., Lemvigh K. & Panduro, B. (2019), Det specialiserede voksenområde: Inspiration til Styring, VIVE, København.
Deschamps, C. (2019). “Stages of management control in large public organizations: from top to frontline managers”, Journal of Management Control (under udgivelse). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00187-019-00282-z
Devaney, J & Spratt, T. (2009), “Child abuse as a complex and wicked problem: Reflecting on policy developments in the United Kingdom in working with children and families with multiple problems”, Children and Youth Services Review, Vol. 31, pp. 635-641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2008.12.003
Di Francesco, M. & Alford, J. (2016), “Budget Rules and Flexibility in the Public Sector: Towards a Taxonomy”, Financial Accountability and Management, Vol. 32 No. 2, pp. 232-256. https://doi.org/10.1111/faam.12087
Dooren, W. V., G. Bouckaert & J. Halligan, (2015), Performance Management in the Public Sector, 2. udgave, London: Routledge.
Durant, R. F. & Legge Jr., J. S. (2006), “’Wicked Problems’ Public Policy, and Administrative Theory. Lessons from the GM Food Regulatory Arena”, Administration and Society. Vol. 38 No. 3, pp. 309-334. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399706289713
Dutton, J., Ashford, S., O’Neill, R.M., Hayes, E. & Wierba, E. (1997), “Reading the wind: How middle managers assess the context for selling issues to top managers”, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 18 No. 5, pp. 407-423. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(199705)18:5<407::aid-smj881>3.0.co;2-j
Ferreira, A. & Otley, D. (2009), “The design and use of performance management systems: An extended framework for analysis”, Management Accounting Research Vol. 20, pp. 263-282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2009.07.003
Finansministeriet (2009), Analyse af takstudviklingen og incitamentsstrukturer på det specialiserede socialområde, Finansministeriet, juni 2009.
Finansministeriet, KL & Indenrigs- og Socialministeriet (2009), Det specialiserede socialområde: redskaber til styring og prioritering, Finansministeriet, juni 2009.
Foged, S.K. (2015), ”En effektevaluering af sanktioner på danske kommuners regnskaber”, Økonomi & Politik, Vol 88 No. 1, pp. 57-75.
Foged, S.K., Andersen, S.C. & M.N. Andersen (2017), ”Hvad betød den økonomiske krise for danske kommuners økonomistyring?”, Politica, Vol. 49 No. 1, pp. 5-25.
Frow, N., Marginson, D. & Ogden, S. (2010), ”’Continuous’ budgeting: Reconciling budget flexibility with budgetary control” Accounting, Organizations and Society, Vol. 35 No. 4, pp. 444-461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2009.10.003
Gilson, L. L., Mathieu, J. E., Shalley, C. E. & Ruddy, T. M. (2005), “Creativity and standardization: Complementary or conflicting drivers of team effectiveness?” Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 48 No. 3, pp. 521–531. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2005.17407916
Grabner, I. (2014), “Incentive system design in creativity-dependent firms”, The Accounting Review, Vol. 89 No. 5, pp 1729–1750. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-50756
Guenther, T. W., & Heinicke, A. (2019), “Relationships among types of use, levels of sophistication, and organizational outcomes of performance measurement systems: The crucial role of design choices”, Management Accounting Research, Vol. 42, pp. 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2018.07.002
Hall, M. (2010), “Accounting information and managerial work”, Accounting, Organizations and Society, Vol. 35 No. 3, pp. 301–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2009.09.003
Hansen, C.-A. (2019), ”Bestiller-Udfører-Modtager-modeller (BUM) og kontraktstyring”, I Bundesen, P. & C.-A. Hansen (eds), Kommunal økonomisk styring på det sociale område, 4. udgave, København: Reitzels Forlag.
Head, B. W. & Alford, J. (2015), “Wicked problems: Implications for Public Policy and Management”, Administration and Society, Vol. 47 No. 6, pp. 711-739. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399713481601
Head, B. W. (2008), “Wicked Problems in Public Policy”, Public Policy, Vol. 3 No. 2, pp. 101-118.
Henri, J-F. (2006), “Management Control Systems and strategy: A resource-based perspective”, Accounting, Organizations and Society, Vol. 31 No. 6, pp. 529-558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2005.07.001
Hirst, G., van Knippenberg, D., Chen, C., & Sacramento, C. A. (2011), “How does bureaucracy impact individual creativity? A cross-level investigation of team contextual influences on goal orientation-creativity relationships”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 54 No. 3, pp. 624–641. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2011.61968124
Hood, C. (1989), “Public Administration and Public Policy: Intellectual Challenges for the 1990’es”, Australian Journal of Public Administration, Vol. 50, pp. 346-358. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8500.1989.tb02235.x
Hood, C. (1991) “A Public Management for All Seasons? Public Administration”, Vol. 69 No. 1, pp 3-19.
Hood, C., Heald, D. & R. Himaz, eds. (2014), When the Party's Over: The Politics of Fiscal Squeeze in Perspective, Proceedings of the British Academy, Vol. 197, Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197265734.001.0001
Houlberg, K. (1999), ”Budgetoverskridelsernes anatomi”, Nordisk Administrativt Tidsskrift, Vol. 80 No. 3, pp. 200-232.
Houlberg, K. (2017), ”Lokale styringsvilkårs betydning for kommunernes økonomiske styring – fungerer sanktionslovgivningen som brandtæppe eller ilttelt?”, Politica, Vol. 50 No. 1, pp. 45-64.
Jacobs, K. & Cuganesan S. (2014), “Interdisciplinary accounting research in the Public Sector: Dissolving boundaries to tackle wicked problems”, Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, Vol. 27 No. 8, pp.1250-1256 . https://doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-06-2014-1732
Janke, R., Mahlendorf, M. D. & Weber, J. (2014), “An exploratory study of the reciprocal relationship between interactive use of management control systems and perception of negative external crisis effects”, Management Accounting Research, Vol. 25, pp. 251-270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2014.01.001
Johansson, T. & Siverbo, S. (2014), “The appropriateness of tight budget control in public sector organizations facing budget turbulence”, Management Accounting Research. Vol. 25, pp. 271-283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2014.04.001
Kastberg, G. & Siverbo, S. (2013), “The design and use of management accounting systems in process oriented health care – An exploratory study”, Financial Accountability and Management, Vol. 29 No. 3, pp. 246-270. https://doi.org/10.1111/faam.12014
KL (2017), Veje til en mere efektiv drift af botilbvud: De gode eksempler indsamlet af KL og Deloitte i regi af Moderniserings- og Effektiviseringsprogrammet, KL, København. https://doi.org/10.7146/aul.177.137
KL, Børne- og Socialministeriet, Økonomi- og indenrigsministeriet & Finansministeriet (2017), Styringen af det specialiserede voksenområde: værktøjer og cases.
Kloot, L. (1997), “Organizational learning and management control systems: responding to environmental change”, Management Accounting Research, Vol. 8, pp. 47-73. https://doi.org/10.1006/mare.1996.0033
Knutsson, H., Mattisson, O., Ramberg, U., & Tagesson, T. (2008), “Do strategy and management matter in municipal organisations?”, Financial Accountability & Management, Vol. 24 No. 3, pp. 295–319. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0408.2008.00454.x
Kober, R., J. Ng & Paul B. J. (2007), “The interrelationship between management control mechanisms and strategy”, Management Accounting Research, Vol. 18, pp. 425-452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2007.01.002
Kolk, B. van der, ter Bogt, H.J. & van Veen-Dirks, P.M.G. (2015), “Constraining and facilitating management control in times of austerity: Case studies in four municipal departments”, Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, Vol. 28 No. 6, pp.934-965. https://doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-03-2014-1660
Kolk, B. van der (2019), “Management control packages: a literature review and guidelines for public sector research”, Public Money & Management. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2019.1592922
Kominis, G. & Dudau, A. I. (2012), “Time for interactive control systems in the public sector? The case of the Every Child Matters policy change in England”, Management Accounting Research, Vol. 23, pp. 142-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2012.04.002
Krogstrup, H.K. (1997), Brugerinddragelse og organisatorisk læring i den sociale sektor, Århus, Systime.
Krogstrup, H.K. (2011), Kampen om evidens: Resultatmåling, effektevaluering og evidens, København: Hans Reitzels Forlag.
Kruis, A, Speklé, R. F. & Widener, S. (2015), “The Levers of Control Framework: An explanatory analysis of balance”, Management Accounting Research, Vol. 32, pp. 27-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2015.12.002
Kjærgaard, M., Panduro, B., Nørgaard, E., Houlberg, K., Jørgen, N., & Pedersen, M. (2016). Kommunernes økonomistyring 2016: En afdækning af kommunernes økonomiske resultater og økonomistyringspraksis, KORA.
Llewellyn, S. (1998), “Boundary work: costing and caring in the social services”, Accounting, Organizations and Society, Vol. 23 No. 1, pp. 23-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0361-3682(96)00036-0
Madsen, C.F. & C. Wisén (2019), ”Kunsten at ramme budgettet: Et studie af sanktionslovgivningens betydning for budgetmæssig medgørlighed og politiske budgetcyklusser i de danske kommuner”, Økonomi & Politik, No.1, pp. 81-103.
Malmi, T & Brown, D. A. (2008), “Management control systems as a package – Opportunities, challenges and research directions”, Management Accounting Research, Vol. 19 No. 4, pp. 287-300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2008.09.003
Marginson, D. & Ogden, S. (2005), “Coping with ambiguity through the budget: the positive effects of budgetary targets on managers’ budgeting behaviours”, Accounting, Organizations and Society, Vol. 30, pp. 435-456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2004.05.004
Marginson, D., McAulay, L. Roush, M. & van Zijl, T. (2014), “Examining a positive psychological role for performance measures”, Management Accounting Research, Vol. 25 No. 1, pp. 63–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2013.10.002
Martyn, P., Sweeney, B. & Curtis, E. (2016), “Strategy and Control: 25 years of empirical use of Simons’ Levers of Control Framework”, Journal of Accounting and Organizational Change, Vol. 12 No. 3, pp. 281-324. https://doi.org/10.1108/jaoc-03-2015-0027
Moll, E. (2017), “Administrative organisationsforandringer i kommunerne efter kriser: Koncernorganisering på flere niveauer?”, Politica, Vol. 49 No. 1, pp. 26-46.
Moynihan, D. P., & Kroll, A. (2016), “Performance management routines that work? An early assessment of the GPRA modernization act”, Public Administration Review, Vol 76 No 2, pp. 314–323. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12434
Mundy, J. (2010), “Creating dynamic tensions through a balanced use of management control systems”, Accounting, Organizations and Society, Vol. 35, No. 5, pp. 499-523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2009.10.005
Naranjo-Gil, D. (2016), “Role of management control systems in crafting realized strategies”, Journal of Business Economics and Management, Vol. 17 No.6, pp. 865–881. https://doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2014.994558
Nyland, K. & Pettersen I. J. (2004), “The control gap: the role of budgets, accounting information and (non-) decisions in hospital setting”, Financial Accountability and Management. Vol. 20 No. 1, pp. 77-102. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0408.2004.00187.x
Nørgaard, E., M.S. Kollin, B. Panduro, H. Skov & M.B. Hansen (2017), Inspiration til økonomisk og faglig styring på det specialiserede børn og unge-område. KORA, København.
Nørrelykke, H., Zeeberg, B. & Ebsen F. (2011), Myndighed og leverandør: samspil og aftaler i socialt arbejde med udsatte børn og unge, Institut for Socialt Arbejde, Professionshøjskole Metropol. https://doi.org/10.7146/aul.42.29
Otley, D. (1999), “Performance management: a framework for management control systems research”, Management Accounting Research, Vol. 10, pp. 363-382. https://doi.org/10.1006/mare.1999.0115
Pedersen, D. (2008), “Strukturreformens styringspolitik – en overskridende dynamic”. I Genopfindelsen af den offentlige sektor. Ledelsesudfordringer i reformernes tegn. D. Pedersen, C. Greve & H. Højlund (eds), København: Børsens Forlag.
Pettersen, I. J. & Solstad, A. (2015), “Vertical and horizontal control dilemmas in public hospitals”, Journal of Health Organization and Management, Vol. 29 No. 2, pp. 185-199. https://doi.org/10.1108/jhom-01-2013-0003
Pollitt, C. (2006), “Performance management in practice: A comparative study of executive agencies”, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, Vol. 16 No. 1, pp. 25–44. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mui045
Pollitt, C., & Bouckaert, G. Eds. (2017). Public management reform: A comparative analysis into the age of austerity. New York: Oxford University Press.
Produktivitetskommissionen (2014), Det handler om velstand og velfærd, slutrapport, marts 2014.
Rittel, H. W. J. & Webber, M. M. (1973) “Dilemmas in a General Theory of Planning”, Policy Sciences, Vol. 4, pp. 155-169.
Silverman, D. (2014), Interpreting Qualitative Data. London. Sage.
Simons, R. (1990), “The role of management control systems in creating competitive advantage and new perspectives”, Accounting, Organizations and Society, Vol. 15 No.1/2, pp. 127-143. https://doi.org/10.1016/0361-3682(90)90018-p
Simons, R. (1991), “Strategic orientation and top management attention to control systems”, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 15, pp. 169-189.
Simons, R. (1995), Levers of Control. How Managers Use Innovative Control Systems to Drive Strategic Renewal. Boston: Harvard Business School Press. https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.1995.9506273288
Simons, R. (2000), Performance measurement and control systems for implementing strategy, Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.
Schrøder, I.-M. (2019), ”Når budgettet skrider: En sporing af økonomiske hensyn i myndighedssagsbehandlerens beslutningsprocesser”, Uden for Nummer, Vol. 38, pp. 4-15.
Speklé, R. F., van Elten, H. J. & Widener, S. (2017), “Creativity and Control: A Paradox – Evidence from the Levers of Control Framework”, Behavioral Research in Accounting, Vol. 29 No. 2, pp. 73-96. https://doi.org/10.2308/bria-51759
Speklé, R. F. & Verbeeten, F. H. M. (2014), “The use of performance measurement systems in the public sector: Effects on performance”, Management Accounting Research, Vol. 25, pp. 131-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2013.07.004
Suenson, E.L, P. Nedergaard & P.M. Christiansen (2016), “Why lash yourself to the mast? The case of the Danish ‘budget law’”, Public Budgeting & Finance, Vol. 36 No. 1, pp. 3-21. https://doi.org/10.1111/pbaf.12077
Svanholt, A. K. (2013). Økonomistyring på handicapområdet. I Handicapforståelser: Mellem teori, erfaring og virkelighed, I.S. Bonfils, B. Kirkebæk, L. Olsen & S. Tetler (eds.). København: Akademisk Forlag.
Sørensen, E. & Foged, S.K. (2015), ”Mål- og resultatstyring i kommunerne efter krisen”, Økonomi & Politik, Vol. 88 No. 1, pp. 46-56.
Tessier, S. & D. Otley (2012), “A conceptual development of Simon’s Levers of Control framework”, Management Accounting Research, Vol. 23, pp. 171-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2012.04.003
Tuomela, T. S. (2005), “The interplay of different levers of control: A Case-study of introducing a new performance measurement system”, Management Accounting Research, Vol. 16 No. 3, pp. 293-320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2005.06.003
Van Bueren, E. M., E. Klijn & J. F. M. Koppenjan (2003), “Dealing with Wicked Problems in Networks: Analyzing an Environmental Debate from a Network Perspective”, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 193-212. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpart/mug017
Van der Stede, W.A. (2001), ”Measuring ‘tight budgetary control’”, Management Accounting Research, Vol. 12, pp. 119–137. https://doi.org/10.1006/mare.2000.0149
Van der Stede, W. A. (2015), “Management accounting: Where from, where now, where to?“, Journal of Management Accounting Research, Vol. 27 No. 1, pp. 171–176. https://doi.org/10.2308/jmar-51059
van Thiel, S., & Leeuw, F. L. (2002), “The performance paradox in the public sector”, Public Performance & Management Review, Vol. 25 No. 3, pp. 267–281. https://doi.org/10.2307/3381236
Widener, S. K. (2007), “An empirical analysis of the levers of control framework”, Accounting, Organizations and Society”, Vol. 32 No. 7-8, pp. 757-788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2007.01.001
Østergren, K. (2009), “Management control practices and clinical managers: the case of the Norwegian health sector”, Financial Accountability and Management, Vol. 23 No. 2, pp. 133-154. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0408.2009.00473.x
Downloads
Publiceret
Nummer
Sektion
Licens
Forfatteren(ne) giver tilladelse til publicering af artiklen i det aftalte nummer. Forfatteren(ne) bevarer copyright til egne artikler.
SIS’ redaktør har ophavsretten til tidsskriftets design, navn, systematik, særpræg etc. Artikler, der er udgivet i SIS og som er fagligt godkendt af redaktionen til udgivelse, må ikke tilrettes, omredigeres, kopieres eller gengives i uddrag i andre medier uden redaktionens og forfatterens samtykke.
Artikler må ikke offentliggøres af forfatteren(ne) andetsteds uden indhentning af godkendelse fra ansvarshavende redaktør. SIS’ redaktør er dog altid forfatteren(ne) behjælpelig med at udgive artikler i særtryk samt udbrede artiklerne til andre udgivere, men kun efter aftale med forfatteren(ne) og med angivelse af, at artiklen oprindeligt blev publiceret i SIS.