Muligheder og barrierer for kunstig intelligens i den offentlige sektor
En socioteknisk analyse
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22439/sis.v39i4.7325Resumé
Der er stigende interesse for at udnytte potentialerne i kunstig intelligens (AI) i den offentlige sektor, og der iværksættes i disse år mange eksperimenter. Mens der er megen snak om mulighederne, har få studier systematisk undersøgt implementeringen af AI på de centrale velfærdsområder. Ærindet i denne artikel er at gå bagom hypen og bidrage med et nuanceret blik på AI anvendelse. Vores empiriske fokus er på ældreplejen, hvor en aldrende befolkning og vanskeligheder ved rekruttering af arbejdskraft har affødt en efterspørgsel på nye teknologiske løsninger. Vi bygger på et kvalitativt studie i ældreplejen i dansk kommune og tager teoretisk afsæt i Harold Leavitts klassiske sociotekniske rammeværk. Vores fokus er på samspillet mellem teknologi, mennesker, struktur, og opgaver, som i det oprindelige rammeværk, men udvider og specificerer denne med et fokus på regulering og etik for at tilpasse modellen til en AI kontekst. Analysen viser, at kompetenceniveau, datakvalitet og skaleringsudfordringer i kombination med etiske og lovgivningsmæssige aspekter opleves som særligt hæmmende for implementering og udbredelsen af AI. Studiet bidrager med nye indsigter i, hvorfor AI teknologier ofte bliver udfordret, når de møder praksis. Vi udstikker samtidig en række opmærksomheder, som har implikationer for ledelse og organiseringen af AI i den offentlige sektor.
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