Fælleshed som bynaturens sted: Metodologiske tilgange til familiært engagement i bygrønne fællesskaber
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v30i4.6231Nøgleord:
Bynatur, stedstilknytning, familiært engagement, fransk pragmatisme, Laurent Thévenot, bygrønne fællesskaberResumé
Med afsæt i den pragmatiske sociolog Laurent Thévenots begreb om »familiært engagement« præsenterer artiklen tre forskellige metodologiske tilgange
til bynatur som konkrete steder for det, vi kalder »fælleshed«. Hvor begrebet om familiært engagement i sig selv kan minde om »stedstilknytning« i
f.eks. psykologisk og geografisk litteratur, har teorien som sådan den fordel, at den kobler individuelle engagementer med et relateret begreb om social
koordinering i form af »fællesheder«. Dermed giver den mulighed for at udpege det familiære engagements mulige samspil med andre former for engagement i byens grønne steder, navnlig et funktionelt engagement i planer og et offentligt engagement i retfærdiggørelse, indeholdt i den samme analytiske model. Spørgsmålet, som her belyses fra forskellige metodiske vinkler, er altså, hvilke former for relationer der findes mellem familiært engagement og fælleshed i bynaturens steder, og andre former for engagement og fælleshed (funktionelt, offentligt). Metodepluralismen over de tre studier resulterer i en generel pointe om forholdet mellem familiært, funktionelt og offentligt engagement i bynatur, og at man tager højde for de mange forskellige mulige sammensætninger af stedsrelationer og ikke søger at reducere disse til ét simpelt fænomen.
Referencer
Bendt, P., Barthel, S., & Colding, J. (2013). Civic greening and environmental learning in public-access community gardens in Berlin. Landscape and Urban Planning, 109(1), 18-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2012.10.003
Blok, A. (2015). Attachments to the common-place: Pragmatic sociology and the aesthetic cosmopolitics of eco-house design in Kyoto, Japan. European Journal of Cultural and Political Sociology, 2(2), 122-145. https://doi.org/10.1080/23254823.2015.1108212
Boltanski, L., & Thévenot, L. (2006). On justification: Economies of worth. Princeton University Press.
Bro, H. (2014). Henning Bro: Den grønne hovedstadsmetropol. Det grønne i det røde. Arbejderhistorie, 2(2014), 48-76.
Christensen, A.G., Laage-Thomsen, J., & Blok, A. (2019). Urban green communities: Towards a pragmatic sociology of civic commonality in sustainable city making. In J. Hoff, Q. Gausset & S. Lex (Eds.), The Role of Non-State Actors in the Green Transition: Building a Sustainable Future. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429280399-7
Christensen, B.B. (1989). Vejledning i metoder til overvågning af bynatur. Miljøministeriet, Skov- og Naturstyrelsen.
Cresswell, T. (2014). Place: An Introduction (Second edition.). Wiley-Blackwell.
Danmarks Naturfredningsforening. (2005). Praktisk guide for kogræsserforeninger – Oprettelse og drift af naturpleje- og kogræsserforeninger. https://www.dn.dk/media/8912/koguide.pdf
Danmarks Statistik. (2019). BY1: Folketal 1. Januar efter byområder, landdistrikter, alder og køn. https://www.statbank.dk/BY1
Duvall, P., Lennon, M., & Scott, M. (2018). The ‘natures’ of planning: Evolving conceptualizations of nature as expressed in urban planning theory and practice. European Planning Studies, 26(3), 480-501. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2017.1404556
Eichberg, H., & Jespersen, E. (1986). De grønne bølger: Træk af natur- og friluftslivets historie. Bavnebakke.
Ekkel, E.D., & de Vries, S. (2017). Nearby green space and human health: Evaluating accessibility metrics. Landscape and Urban Planning, 157, 214-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.06.008
Fallov, M.A., Jørgensen, A., & Knudsen, L.B. (2013). Mobile Forms of Belonging. Mobilities, 8(4), 467-486. https://doi.org/10.1080/17450101.2013.769722
Fors, H., Molin, J.F., Murphy, M.A., & Konijnendijk van den Bosch, C. (2015). User participation in urban green spaces – For the people or the parks? Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 14(3), 722-734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2015.05.007
Gieryn, T.F. (2000). A Space for Place in Sociology. Annual Review of Sociology, 26(1), 463-496. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.26.1.463
Hoff, J. (2016). ‘Think globally, act locally’: Climate change mitigation and citizen participation. In Q. Gausset & J. Hoff (Eds), Community Governance and Citizen-driven Initiatives in Climate Change Mitigation (pp. 28-53). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315700298
Hougaard, A., Holten-Andersen, J., Lange, M.K., & Bendsen, P. (Eds). (2019). Miljøbevægelsens rødder- en antologi. NOAHs forlag.
Jørgensen, A., Knudsen, L.B., Arp, M., & Skov, H. (2016). Zones of belonging – Experiences from a Danish study on belonging, local community and mobility. Geoforum Perspektiv, 15(29).
Karvonen, A. (2015). Pathways of urban nature: Diversity in the greening of the twentyfirst-century city. In J. Hou, B. Spencer, T. Way, & K. Yocom (Eds), Now Urbanism: The Future City is Here (pp. 274-286). Routledge.
KBHFF. (2019). Tidslinie. Københavns Fødevarefællesskab. http://kbhff.dk/om-kbhff/tidslinie/
Kolonihaveforbundet. (1933). Kolonihavebevægelsen i Danmark samt Kolonihave-Forbundets Udvikling og Organisation gennem 25 Aar (Jubilæumsskrift) (C. Nielesn & A. Dalskov, Eds). Kolonihave-Forbundet for Danmark.
Kurtz, H. (2001). Differentiating Multiple Meanings of Garden and Community. Urban Geography, 22(7), 656-670. https://doi.org/10.2747/0272-3638.22.7.656
Laage-Thomsen, J., & Blok, A. (2020). Civic Modes of Greening the City? Urban Natures In-between Familiar Engagement and Green Critique. Local Environment. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13549839.2020.1714568 https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2020.1714568
Larsen, M.C. (2014). Internetbaseret feltarbejde. In M. Frederiksen, P. Gundelach, & R. Skovgaard Nielsen (Eds), Mixed methods-forskning: Principper og praksis (pp. 155-185). Hans Reitzel.
Latour, B. (1993). We Have Never Been Modern (C. Porter, Trans.). Harvard UP.
Lewicka, M. (2011). Place attachment: How far have we come in the last 40 years? Journal of Environmental Psychology, 31(3), 207-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2010.10.001
Madslund, H.S., & Pape, J. (Eds). (1991). Natur i byen – Planlægning, pleje og udvikling. Miljøministeriet, Planstyrelsen, Skov- og Naturstyrelsen.
Marres, N. (2017). Digital sociology: The reinvention of social research. John Wiley & Sons.
Martin, J.L. (2018). Thinking Through Statistics. University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226567778.001.0001
Meilvang, M.L., Carlsen, H.B., & Blok, A. (2018). Methods of engagement: On civic participation formats as composition devices in urban planning. European Journal of Cultural and Political Sociology, 5(1-2), 12-41. https://doi.org/10.1080/23254823.2018.1452621
Petersen, L.S. (2018). Frivillige Grønne Kræfter: Samarbejde med frivillige på det grønne område. Institut for Idræt og Biomekanik, Syddansk Universitet.
Rieder, B. (2013). Studying Facebook via data extraction: The Netvizz application. Proceedings of the 5th Annual ACM Web Science Conference, 346-355. https://doi.org/10.1145/2464464.2464475
Schmidt, L.-H., & Kristensen, J.E. (2004). Lys, luft og renlighed: Den moderne socialhygiejnes fødsel. Akademisk Forlag.
Thévenot, L. (2007). The Plurality of Cognitive Formats and Engagements: Moving between the Familiar and the Public. European Journal of Social Theory, 10(3), 409-423. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431007080703
Thévenot, L. (2014). Voicing concern and difference: From public spaces to commonplaces. European Journal of Cultural and Political Sociology, 1, 7-34. https://doi.org/10.1080/23254823.2014.905749
Thévenot, L. (2015). Beyond justifiability: Making commonality on the basis of binding engagements. In P. Dumouchel & R. Gotoh (Eds), Social Bonds as Freedom (pp. 82-108). Berghahn. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt9qd0mn.7
Thévenot, L. (2016). Engagementsregimer. Hans Reitzel.
Trentelman, C.K. (2009). Place Attachment and Community Attachment: A Primer Grounded in the Lived Experience of a Community Sociologist. Society & Natural Resources, 22(3), 191-210. https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920802191712
Tuan, Y.-F. (1978). The City: Its Distance from Nature. Geographical Review, 68(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.2307/213507
Utzon-Frank, T., & Fischmann, M. (1998). Bynatur i Norden 1998. Nordisk Ministerråd.
Venturini, T., Jacomy, M., Meunier, A., & Latour, B. (2017). An unexpected journey: A few lessons from sciences Po médialab’s experience. Big Data & Society, 4(2) https://doi.org/10.1177/2053951717720949
Wachsmuth, D., & Angelo, H. (2018). Green and Gray: New Ideologies of Nature in Urban Sustainability Policy. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 108(4), 1038-1056. https://doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2017.1417819
Zalasiewicz, J., Williams, M., Steffen, W., & Crutzen, P. (2010). The New World of the Anthropocene. Environmental Science & Technology, 44(7), 2228-2231. https://doi.org/10.1021/es903118j