This article argues that behind the concept of civil society is a
real opportunity for populist forces to drive democracy forward.
In Thailand, the participatory role of non-governmental
organisations, particularly at grassroots level, is very important.
By advocating people's participation and empowerment,
grassroots NGOs may be in a position to expand
notions of democracy, from mere parliamentarism to genuine
participatory democracy. In the Thai case, however, success
will depend upon whether the grassroots non-governmental
organisations (GNGOs) are able to establish a linkage
between 'elite-urban' and 'rural-popular' elements in Thai
civil society. The key question is whether these organisations
are able to democratise Thai civil society and create an
enhanced form of participatory democracy.
